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Fetal bovine serum (FBS), qualified, origin: Brazil (Gibco, Thermo Scientific, catalog number: 12657029), storage: aliquoted

公司名称: Thermo Fisher Scientific
产品编号: 12657029
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RI-SEC-seq: Comprehensive Profiling of Nonvesicular Extracellular RNAs with Different Stabilities
Author:
Date:
2021-02-20
[Abstract]  

Exosomes and other extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered the main vehicles transporting RNAs in extracellular samples, including human bodily fluids. However, a major proportion of extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) do not copurify with EVs and remain in ultracentrifugation supernatants of cell-conditioned medium or blood serum. We have observed that nonvesicular exRNA profiles are highly biased toward those RNAs with intrinsic resistance to extracellular ribonucleases. These highly resistant exRNAs are interesting from a biomarker point of view, but are not representative of the actual bulk

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[摘要]  [摘要]外来体和其他细胞外囊泡(EVs)被认为是在细胞外样品(包括人体液)中运输RNA的主要载体。但是,大部分细胞外RNA(exRNA )不能与EV共纯化,而是保留在细胞条件培养基或血清的超速离心上清液中。我们已经观察到非囊泡的exRNA概况高度偏向那些对细胞外核糖核酸酶具有固有抗性的RNA。从生物标志物的角度来看,这些高度抗性的exRNA很有趣,但不能代表释放到细胞外空间的RNA的实际体积。为了了解exRNA动态并捕获稳定和不稳定的RNA,我们开发了一种基于大小排阻色谱(SEC)分馏的RNase抑制剂(RI)处理的细胞条件培养基(RI-SEC-seq)的方法。这种方法使我们能够鉴定和研究细胞外核糖体和tRNA,并提供了可以在不久的将来影响生物标志物发现的细胞外RNAome的动态视图。


图形概要:


所述RI-SEC-SEQ协议的概述:大小排阻层析的级分的测序从nonvesicular胞样品用或不用RNA酶抑制剂(+/- RI)


[背景]细胞外RNA(exRNA )参与细胞间通讯,并且在微创液体活检中有望成为疾病的生物标志物(O'Brien et ...

Cell-free Fluorescent Intra-Golgi Retrograde Vesicle Trafficking Assay
Author:
Date:
2017-11-20
[Abstract]  Intra-Golgi retrograde vesicle transport is used to traffic and sort resident Golgi enzymes to their appropriate cisternal locations. An assay was established to investigate the molecular details of vesicle targeting in a cell-free system. Stable cell lines were generated in which the trans-Golgi enzyme galactosyltransferase (GalT) was tagged with either CFP or YFP. Given that GalT is recycled to the cisterna where it is located at steady state, GalT-containing vesicles target GalT-containing cisternal membranes. Golgi membranes were therefore isolated from GalT-CFP expressing cells, ... [摘要]  高尔基体内的逆行囊泡运输被用来运送和分类高尔基酶到适当的池内位置。建立了一个检测方法来研究无细胞系统中囊泡靶向的分子细节。生成了稳定的细胞系,其中反式 - 高尔基酶半乳糖基转移酶(GalT)用CFP或YFP标记。考虑到GalT被循环到稳定状态的小池中,含有GalT的囊泡将靶向含有GalT的池内膜。因此从表达GalT-CFP的细胞分离高尔基体膜,而从GalT-YFP表达细胞制备囊泡。在胞质溶胶和能量再生混合物的存在下,在37℃孵育CFP标记的高尔基体和YFP标记的囊泡,与在冰上孵育相比,在混合物的荧光成像后CFP-YFP共定位显着增加。该测定被验证需要能量,蛋白质和生理学重要的运输组分,如Rab GTP酶和保守寡聚体高尔基体系复合物。该测定法可用于调查影响高尔基体运输机器的生理和病理变化,特别是囊泡束缚。

【背景】细胞内囊泡靶向的分子机制对于解释糖基化稳态,神经递质释放,信号受体的调节和营养摄取等方面的解释是重要的(Ungar和Hughson,2003; ...

Monitoring the Targeting of Cathepsin D to the Lysosome by Metabolic Labeling and Pulse-chase Analysis
Author:
Date:
2017-11-05
[Abstract]  Mannose 6-phosphate receptors function can be studied in living cells by investigating alterations in processing and secretion of their ligand Cathepsin D. The assay described here is well established in the literature and comprises the metabolic labeling of newly synthesized proteins with [35S] methionine-cysteine in HeLa cells to monitor Cathepsin D processing through secretory pathway and secretion using immunoprecipitation, SDS-PAGE and fluorography. [摘要]  通过研究其配体组织蛋白酶D的加工和分泌的改变,可以在活细胞中研究甘露糖-6-磷酸受体功能。在此描述的测定在文献中已经很好地确定,并且包括新合成的蛋白质的代谢标记,其中[35 [S]甲硫氨酸半胱氨酸,以监测组织蛋白酶D处理,通过分泌途径和分泌使用免疫沉淀,SDS-PAGE和荧光。

【背景】组织蛋白酶d(CATD)是一种溶酶体天冬氨酸蛋白酶由甘露糖-6-磷酸受体(M6PRs)排序在哺乳动物细胞中该传输它从反面高尔基体网络到内涵体/溶酶体(戈什等人,2003 )。将CatD合成为前体蛋白(〜52kDa),其在溶酶体中被切割以产生中间体(〜48kDa)或成熟的溶酶体形式(〜34kDa)。微量的前体蛋白质也从生物合成途径分泌(Benes et al。,2008)。 catD的丰度可以使用几种方法来确定,例如基于免疫荧光的染色(Poole等人,1972),蛋白质印迹,荧光活性测定(Bewley等人, (Hirst等人,2009; Kametaka等人,2007; Tavares等人,2011)或用脉冲追踪分析进行代谢标记(Hirst等人,2009; Kametaka等人, ...

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