| Establishment of Patient-Derived Xenografts in Mice
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Author:
Date:
2016-11-20
[Abstract] Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models for cancer research have recently attracted considerable attention in both the academy and industry (Hidalgo et al., 2014; Wilding and Bodmer, 2014). PDX models have been developed from different tumor types including lung cancer to improve the drug development process. These models are used for pre-clinical drug evaluation and can be used for the predictive results of clinical outcomes because they conserve original tumor characteristics such as heterogeneity, complexity and molecular diversity (Kopetz et al., 2012). Additionally, PDX ...
[摘要] 用于癌症研究的患者衍生的异种移植（PDX）模型最近在学术和工业中引起了相当大的关注（Hidalgo等人，2014; Wilding和Bodmer，2014）。 PDX模型已经从不同的肿瘤类型开发，包括肺癌，以改善药物开发过程。 这些模型用于临床前药物评价，并且可用于临床结果的预测结果，因为它们保留原始肿瘤特征，例如异质性，复杂性和分子多样性（Kopetz等人，2012） 。 此外，PDX模型为个性化药物治疗提供了潜在的工具。 在该协议中，我们提出了使用来自小细胞肺癌（SCLC）患者的原发性肿瘤组织在小鼠中建立PDX的方法。
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| In vivo Imaging of Tumor and Immune Cell Interactions in the Lung
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Author:
Date:
2016-10-20
[Abstract] Immunotherapy has demonstrated great therapeutic potential by activating the immune system to fight cancer. However, little is known about the specific dynamics of interactions that occur between tumor and immune cells. In this protocol we describe a novel method to visualize the interaction of tumor and immune cells in the lung of live mice, which can be applied to other organs. In this protocol fluorescent-labeled tumor cells are transferred to recipient mice expressing fluorescently tagged immune cells. Tumor-immune cell interactions in the lung are then imaged by confocal or two photon ...
[摘要] 免疫治疗已经通过激活免疫系统抵抗癌症而显示出巨大的治疗潜力。然而，关于在肿瘤和免疫细胞之间发生的相互作用的具体动力学知之甚少。在这个协议中，我们描述了一种新的方法来可视化肿瘤和免疫细胞在活小鼠的肺中的相互作用，可以应用到其他器官。在该协议中，荧光标记的肿瘤细胞转移到表达荧光标记的免疫细胞的受体小鼠。然后通过共聚焦或双光子显微镜对肺中的肿瘤 - 免疫细胞相互作用成像。使用该方案分析肿瘤与免疫细胞的相互作用应当有助于更好地理解这些相互作用的重要性及其在开发免疫疗法中的作用。
[背景] ...
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| Imaging Thick Lymph Node Tissue Sections
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Author:
Date:
2016-09-20
[Abstract] Our protocol describes a simple procedure for imaging thick lymph node sections by 2-photon microscopy. Lymph nodes are sectioned using a vibratome (vibrating microtome) to produce slices of tissue that can then be stained with fluorescently labeled antibodies. The thick tissue sections (150-200 μm depth) allow for the detection of cell clustering that is typically under-represented in thin sections (10-20 μm) used for conventional confocal microscopy. Application of 2-photon microscopy facilitates imaging through the thick volume of the vibratome sections. In combination with automated image ...
[摘要] 我们的协议描述了一个简单的程序，通过双光子显微镜成像厚淋巴结切片。 使用vibratome（振动切片机）切割淋巴结以产生组织切片，然后可用荧光标记的抗体染色。 厚组织切片（150-200μm深度）允许检测细胞聚集，其通常在用于常规共聚焦显微镜的薄切片（10-20μm）中表现不足。 双光子显微镜的应用有利于成像通过厚的体积的vibratome部分。 与自动图像处理软件组合，厚的淋巴结横截面图像还有助于在组织的相对大的区域内的细胞事件的定量，从而提供关于感兴趣的细胞事件的空间分布的更清晰的图像（例如 。，T细胞聚类）。 该方法也可以容易地应用于其它组织，例如脾或皮肤。
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