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Poly(vinylpolypyrrolidone)

聚(乙烯基聚吡咯烷酮)

公司名称: Sigma-Aldrich
产品编号: 77627
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Plasma Membrane Preparation from Lilium davidii and Oryza sativa Mature and Germinated Pollen
Author:
Date:
2017-05-20
[Abstract]  Pollen germination is an excellent process to study cell polarity establishment. During this process, the tip-growing pollen tube will start elongating. The plasma membrane as the selectively permeable barrier that separates the inner and outer cell environment plays crucial roles in this process. This protocol described an efficient aqueous polymer two-phase system followed by alkaline solution washing to prepare Lilium davidii or Oryza sativa plasma membrane with high purity. [摘要]  花粉萌发是研究细胞极性的一个很好的过程。在此过程中,尖端生长的花粉管将开始延长。作为分离内外细胞环境的选择性渗透屏障的质膜在该过程中起关键作用。该方案描述了一种有效的含水聚合物两相体系,接着进行碱性溶液洗涤以制备高纯度的百合百合或水稻质膜。

背景 花粉质膜包含对花粉管生长和受精至关重要的各种蛋白质,例如受体样激酶(Wang等人,2016)和离子通道(Hamilton等人, em>,2015)。分离纯质膜(PM)是综合PM蛋白质组分析的前提。 PM制备主要有四种方法:差速离心,密度梯度离心,制备型自由流动电泳和含水聚合物两相体系。通常,差速离心通常与密度梯度离心合并,以根据其大小,形状和密度分离亚细胞组分。这种技术是快速的,但是由于细胞器密度的重叠,所得的PM产率和纯度都很低(Schindler和Nothwang,2006)。自由流动电泳和水性聚合物两相系统根据其表面性质分离膜囊泡。这两种方法可以富集PM足够纯化蛋白质组学分析(Alexandersson等人,2007)。然而,用于自由流动电泳的仪器操作复杂(Sandelius等人,1986)。相比之下,通过离心可以容易且快速地进行含水聚合物两相体系,使得该方法对PM制备更方便。 ...

Rubisco Extraction and Purification from Diatoms
Author:
Date:
2017-03-20
[Abstract]  This protocol describes a method to extract ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (Rubisco) from diatoms (Bacillariophyta) to determine catalytic performance. This protocol has been adapted from use in cyanobacteria and higher plants (Andrews, 1988; Whitney and Sharwood, 2007). First part (steps A1-A3) of the extraction provides a crude extract of Rubisco that is sufficient for carboxylation assays to measure the Michaelis constant for CO2 (KC) and the catalytic turnover rate (kcatc). However, the further purification ... [摘要]  该方案描述了从硅藻(“芽孢杆菌”)提取核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶加氧酶(Rubisco)的方法以确定催化性能。该方案已经在蓝细菌和高等植物中得到了应用(Andrews,1988; Whitney and Sharwood,2007)。提取的第一部分(步骤A1-A3)提供Rubisco的粗提取物,其足以用于羧化测定以测量CO 2(K 3 C)的Michaelis常数和催化更换率( k c )。然而,为了测量Rubisco CO 2 / O 2特异性(S C / O )需要进一步的纯化步骤(步骤B1-B4) >,[Kane等人,1994])。背景 核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶加氧酶(Rubisco,EC 4.1.1.39)催化了CO 2光合同化的第一步,因此在光合作用和全球碳循环中起着重要的作用。 Rubisco已经从古菌,细菌,藻类和植物的各种生物体中分离出来,并且在生物体之间显示出各种各样的动力学(Galmes等人,2014年; Tcherkez等人,2006; Whitney等人,2011)。 Rubisco动力学的知识是了解光合作用以及因此碳的生物沉积物对人为CO ...

In vitro Colorimetric Method to Measure Plant Glutamate Dehydrogenase Enzyme Activity
Author:
Date:
2015-08-20
[Abstract]  Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is an NAD(H) dependent enzyme that catalyzes, in vitro, the reversible amination of glutamate. Here we describe how to determine spectrophotometrically GDH activity monitoring NADH evolution. This protocol is described here for Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) although it is also valid for other plant species. GDH protein is a hexamer composed, in the case of Arabidopsis, of a combination of GDHα, GDHβ and GDHγ subunits. Every combination of subunits is possible; however, it is still barely known whether different ... [摘要]  谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)是NAD(H)依赖性酶,其在体外催化谷氨酸盐的可逆胺化。在这里我们描述如何确定分光光度法GDH活动监测NADH进化。此协议在这里描述为拟南芥( A thaliana ),虽然它也适用于其他植物物种。 GDH蛋白是在拟南芥属的情况下由GDHα,GDHβ和GDHγ亚基的组合组成的六聚体。每个亚基的组合是可能的;然而,仍然几乎不知道不同的组合是否影响六聚体的酶性质。在其他物种中,六聚体是GDHα和GDHβ的组合,但不能丢弃其它基因的存在,因为例如在Fontaine等人(2012)中描述了拟南芥中的GDHγ亚基。

谷氨酸盐+ NAD + + H + →2-氧代戊二酸+ NADH + NH4 +

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