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D-Sucrose

D-蔗糖(分子生物学)

公司名称: Thermo Fisher Scientific
产品编号: BP220-1
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Determination of (p)ppGpp Levels During Stringent Response in Streptomyces coelicolor by Thin Layer Chromatography
Author:
Date:
2016-11-05
[Abstract]  The stringent response in bacteria is a stress response that is mediated by the signaling molecules guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate [(p)ppGpp], alarmones that are also directly related to virulence. Therefore, determination of (p)ppGpp levels is crucial for studying the stringent response. The protocol here outlines in a step-wise manner the detection of (p)ppGpp in the bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor during stringent response (Strauch et al., 1991) by thin layer chromatography (TLC). In the example shown here, stringent response is induced by addition of ... [摘要]  细菌中的严格反应是由信号分子鸟苷四磷酸和五磷酸[(p)ppGpp]介导的应激反应,它们也与毒力直接相关。因此,(p)ppGpp水平的确定对于研究严格反应至关重要。这里的方案以分步方式概述在严格反应期间细菌链霉菌(Streptomyces coelicolor)中(p)ppGpp的检测(Strauch等人,1991),通过薄层色谱(TLC)。在本文所示的实施例中,通过添加丝氨酸氧肟酸盐(丝氨酸tRNA合成酶的抑制剂)诱导严格反应。该方案首次发表于Molecular Microbiology(Sivapragasam and Grove,2016)。

[背景] 薄层色谱法用于在严格反应期间分析(p)ppGpp水平在各种细菌菌种中长时间使用,并且它是用于该目的的普遍接受的方法。然而,以前发布的协议仅仅总结了主要概念,并且确定包括该过程的每个步骤的综合协议是具有挑战性的。我们在这里提出已经优化用于研究在严格的反应的详细协议。 coelicolor 。处理 S唯一的步骤。天蓝色文化已经被鉴定,并且因此方案可以容易地适应于其他细菌物种。该方法依赖于使用并入作为强碱性阴离子交换剂的聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)的TLC板。因此,PEI是用于分离离子化合物如磷酸化核苷的选择的基质(Calderón-Flores等人,2005; Mechold等人,2013; Strauch ...

HIV-1 Virus-like Particle Budding Assay
Author:
Date:
2013-07-20
[Abstract]  Viral replication culminates with the egress of the mature virion from the host cell. This step of the viral life cycle has recently garnered increased attention with the discovery of the cellular restriction factor, Tetherin, which tethers budded virions to the surface of infected cells and inhibits viral spread. The importance of this block in viral infections has been suggested by the discovery of viral antagonists, such as HIV-1 Vpu, which counteract Tetherin. This protocol describes a system to study HIV-1 budding under BSL-2 safety conditions. It takes advantage of the ability of many ... [摘要]  病毒复制随着来自宿主细胞的成熟病毒体的流出而达到高潮。病毒生命周期的这个步骤最近通过发现细胞限制因子Tetherin而发现增加的注意力,Tetherin将暴露的病毒粒子束缚于感染细胞的表面并抑制病毒扩散。这种阻断在病毒感染中的重要性已经通过发现病毒拮抗剂如HIV-1 Vpu(其抵抗了细胞因子)而提出。该协议描述了在BSL-2安全条件下研究HIV-1芽生的系统。它利用了许多病毒基质/衣壳蛋白产生具有单个病毒蛋白(即HIV-1p24Gag)表达的非感染性病毒样颗粒(VLPs)的能力。这个协议最近用于表征在HIV-1 Vpu存在下,Tetherin亚型对VLP释放的影响(Cocka和Bates,2012)。同时表达的Tetherin和其他病毒拮抗剂可用于研究Tetherin介导的病毒芽出的限制。

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