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DifcoTM Yeast Nitrogen Base without Amino Acids and Ammonium Sulfate

Difco 酵母氮基(YNB)

公司名称: BD
产品编号: 233520
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An Improved Method for Measuring Chromatin-binding Dynamics Using Time-dependent Formaldehyde Crosslinking
Author:
Date:
2018-02-20
[Abstract]  Formaldehyde crosslinking is widely used in combination with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to measure the locations along DNA and relative levels of transcription factor (TF)-DNA interactions in vivo. However, the measurements that are typically made do not provide unambiguous information about the dynamic properties of these interactions. We have developed a method to estimate binding kinetic parameters from time-dependent formaldehyde crosslinking data, called crosslinking kinetics (CLK) analysis. Cultures of yeast cells are crosslinked with formaldehyde for various periods ... [摘要]  甲醛交联广泛用于与染色质免疫沉淀(ChIP)相结合来测量沿着DNA的相对位置以及转录因子(TF)-DNA相互作用的体内相对水平。但是,通常所做的测量不能提供关于这些交互的动态属性的明确信息。我们已经开发了一种方法来评估来自时间依赖性甲醛交联数据的结合动力学参数,称为交联动力学(CLK)分析。酵母细胞的培养物与甲醛交联不同的时间段,在特定位点产生相对的ChIP信号。我们使用质量作用CLK模型来拟合数据,以提取TF-染色质相互作用的动力学参数,包括开关速率和交联速率。从停车费和停车费中我们可以获得停车和停车时间。以下方案是该方法的第二次迭代,CLKv2,更新了改进的交联和淬火条件,更多关于交联速率的信息以及对观察到的动力学模型建模的系统程序。已应用CLKv2分析来研究TATA结合蛋白(TBP)和其他TF的选定子集的结合行为。该协议使用酵母细胞开发,但也可适用于来自其他生物体的细胞。

【背景】转录起始是一个复杂的过程,涉及染色质化启动子上数十种蛋白的协作和协调相互作用(Kim等人,2005; Encode Consortium,2012; Rhee等人, ,2012; Dowen等人,2014年)。许多研究已经研究了体外核心转录机器的组装和调控(Zawel和Reinberg,1992; Conaway和Conaway,1993; Roeder,1996; ...

Design and Functional Analysis of Fluorescent Nitrate and Peptide Transporter Activity Sensors in Yeast Cultures
Author:
Date:
2016-02-05
[Abstract]  This protocol describes the methods used to engineer and deploy genetically encoded fluorescence activity reporters for nitrate and peptide transporter activity in yeast cells. Fusion of the dual-affinity nitrate transceptor CHL1/AtNRT1.1/AtNPF6.3 or four different peptide transporters (AtPTR1, 2, 4, and 5) from Arabidopsis to a pair of fluorescent proteins with different spectral properties, enabled us to engineer the NiTracs (nitrate transporter activity tracking sensors) and the PepTracs (peptide transporter activity tracking sensors), ratiometric fluorescence activity sensors ... [摘要]  该协议描述了用于在酵母细胞中设计和部署遗传编码的荧光活性报告人硝酸盐和肽转运蛋白活性的方法。将双亲硝酸盐转运体CHL1 / AtNRT1.1 / AtNPF6.3或四种不同的肽转运蛋白(AtPTR1,2,4和5)从拟南芥融合成具有不同光谱性质的一对荧光蛋白,使我们能够设计NiTracs(硝酸盐转运蛋白活性跟踪传感器)和PepTracs(肽转运蛋白活性跟踪传感器),比例式荧光活性传感器,监测体外硝酸盐转运体或肽转运蛋白的活性(Ho et al。,2014)。 NiTrac1传感器特异性和可逆地响应于硝酸盐的添加,而PepTracs通过减少供体和受体发射来响应添加二肽,而受体激发的发射保持不变,或荧光团发射比例的变化。所有传感器都适用于比例成像。 NiTrac1传感器响应[从μM到mM(Liu和Tsay,2003)]和硝酸盐转运动力学的两相动力学的相似性暗示了NiTrac1在运输循环期间提供了关于构象重排的信息,从而报告在广泛的外部硝酸盐浓度范围内的转运蛋白活性。 NiTrac的几种变体已被设计,它们对硝酸盐(NiTrac1:CHL1; NiTracT101A:CHL1T101A)的亲和力不同。 NiTrac还能识别氯酸盐。在这里,我们描述了使用分光荧光计设计,实施和检测酵母细胞中硝酸盐受体活性的简单方法。

An Assay to Test the Capacity of Arabidopsis Plant Defensin Type1 Protein to Induce Cellular Zinc (Zn) Tolerance in Yeast
Author:
Date:
2015-11-20
[Abstract]  Heterologous expression of genes in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) is especially suitable to functionally study the corresponding encoded protein at the cellular level (Bonneaud et al., 1991). This is mainly because many strains defective in specific activities are available and could be complemented by homologous genes existing across the eukaryotic kingdom (http://www.yeastgenome.org/). However, the protocol we describe here is not a complementation but a “gain-of-function” assay. It ... [摘要]  基因在出芽酵母酿酒酵母(酿酒酵母)中的异源表达特别适合于在细胞水平上功能性研究相应的编码蛋白质(Bonneaud等人, ,1991)。这主要是因为许多具有特异性活性缺陷的菌株是可获得的,并且可以通过真核生物界存在的同源基因来补充( http: /www.yeastgenome.org/)。然而,我们在这里描述的协议不是互补,而是"获得功能"测定。它是基于滴试验测定,我们已经设置以评估由异源基因在野生型S中的表达赋予的锌细胞耐受性。酿酒厂。将表达目的异源基因的酵母培养物的不同稀释液在一系列富锌平板上生长,然后与表达空载体的对照酵母进行比较。使用不同浓度的酵母和锌对于在酵母转化后成功描述锌耐受性表型是必要的(Mirouze等人,2006)。该试验也已经证明对于区分基因家族的相关成员是有价值的,如拟南芥属植物防御素类型1所例证的(Shahzad等人,2013)。

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