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Citric acid

柠檬酸

公司名称: Sigma-Aldrich
产品编号: C0759
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Assay of Ornithine Decarboxylase and Spermidine/Spermine N1-acetyltransferase Activities
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Date:
2014-11-20
[Abstract]  The polyamines, spermidine (Spd) and spermine, and their diamine precursor putrescine, are important regulators of various cellular functions, such as proliferation and differentiation. Polyamine homeostasis is tightly regulated on the level of uptake, excretion, biosynthesis, interconversion and terminal catabolism. The rate-controlling enzymes of polyamine biosynthesis and interconversion are ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT), respectively. Here, we describe a protocol to assay ODC (Jänne and Williams-Ashman, 1971) and SSAT (Libby, ... [摘要]  多胺,亚精胺(精)和精胺及其二胺前体腐胺是各种细胞功能(如增殖和分化)的重要调节剂。 多胺稳态在摄取,排泄,生物合成,相互转化和末端分解代谢的水平上受到严格调节。 多胺生物合成和相互转化的速率控制酶分别是鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ODC)和亚精胺/精胺N 1 - 乙酰基转移酶(SSAT)。 在这里,我们描述了测定细胞或组织样品的ODC(Jänne和Williams-Ashman,1971)和SSAT(Libby,1978)活性的方案。

Extraction and Purification of Mycobacterial Mycolic Acids
Author:
Date:
2014-10-20
[Abstract]  Mycolic acids are major long-chain fatty acids, containing up to 80-90 carbon atoms that represent essential components of the mycobacterial cell wall (Pawelczyk and Kremer, 2014). Each mycobacterial species possesses a specific mycolic acid profile characterized by various chemical modifications that decorate the lipid. Mycolic acids play a critical role in the architecture and impermeability of the cell envelope, hence the natural resistance of mycobacteria to most antibiotic treatments. They are also key determinants of virulence in pathogenic species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis ... [摘要]  霉菌酸是主要的长链脂肪酸,含有高达80-90个碳原子,代表分枝杆菌细胞壁的基本组分(Pawelczyk和Kremer,2014)。每种分枝杆菌物种具有特征性霉菌酸分布,其特征在于装饰脂质的各种化学修饰。霉菌酸在细胞包膜的结构和不可渗透性中起关键作用,因此分枝杆菌对大多数抗生素治疗的天然抗性。它们也是在致病物种中的毒力的关键决定因素,包括结核分枝杆菌(结核分枝杆菌),结核病的致病因子。此外,它们被认为是几种一线和二线抗结核药物的主要靶点。因此,参与霉菌酸生物合成途径的独特的酶代表了用于未来化学疗法的靶的有吸引力的储库,其发展在M的多药耐药和广泛耐药菌株的背景下是特别保证的。肺结核。在这里,我们描述了从分枝杆菌中提取霉菌酸的方案。各种亚种的纯化对于涉及质谱或NMR的后续结构研究可能是特别有用的。通过薄层色谱的霉菌酸模式的定性和定量生物化学表征可用于解决药物如何改变霉菌酸生物合成(Alahari等人,2007,Hartkoorn等人, (Bhatt等人,2007)或解开新的霉菌酸调节机制(Vilcheze等人,2012),以研究在该代谢途径中受影响的遗传修饰的突变体的表型(Bhatt等人, ,2014)。相同的方案可以应用于所有分枝杆菌,包括环境和致病物种。

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