| VAMP8-3xHA Uptake Assay in HeLa Cells
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Author:
Date:
2016-02-20
[Abstract] Transmembrane proteins are rarely exclusively localized to a specific vesicle or an organelle. Most transmembrane proteins undergo complicated trafficking routes. Thus, transmembrane proteins are under constant flux, and at steady state, found on a variety of vesicles or organelles. This characteristic makes the study of their trafficking routes complex, since at any given moment, different molecules are often being trafficked in opposing directions. Pulse-chase experiments can temporally track a specific pool of a transmembrane protein of interest, allowing for the kinetic description of its ...
[摘要] 跨膜蛋白很少专门定位于特定的囊泡或细胞器。大多数跨膜蛋白经历复杂的运输路线。因此，跨膜蛋白在恒定通量下，并在稳定状态，发现在各种囊泡或细胞器。这个特征使得他们的贩运路线的研究复杂，因为在任何给定时刻，不同的分子通常在相反的方向上被贩运。脉冲追踪实验可以暂时跟踪感兴趣的跨膜蛋白的特定池，允许其运输路线的动力学描述。这种类型的技术已广泛用于跟踪大量的质膜定位蛋白质（Diril等人，2006; Jean等人，2010）。在这里，我们描述了一种方法，允许研究VAMP8贩运从质膜到内溶酶体隔室。该方法用于描述 MTMR13 和 RAB21 在调节VAMP8向内溶酶体的运输中的作用（Jean等人，，2015）。
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| Cell-based Assays to Monitor AID Activity
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Author:
Date:
2016-02-05
[Abstract] The enzyme Activation induced deaminase (AID) underpins antibody affinity maturation and isotype switching through its mutagenic activity of deaminating deoxycytidine to deoxyuridine in DNA. Subsequent processing of the deoxyuridine initiates the processes of somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR) in B cells. Structure-function analysis of AID requires sensitive and biologically relevant methods to measure its various activities. Here we describe simple but effective methods to measure 1) the ability of AID to mutate the Escherichia coli genome, which ...
[摘要] 酶活化诱导的脱氨酶（AID）通过其将脱氧胞苷脱氨基到DNA中的脱氧尿苷的诱变活性来支持抗体亲和力成熟和同种型转换。脱氧尿苷的后续加工引发B细胞中体细胞超突变（SHM）和类型转换重组（CSR）的过程。 AID的结构功能分析需要灵敏和生物相关的方法来测量其各种活动。在这里我们描述简单但有效的方法来测量1）AID突变大肠杆菌基因组的能力，其提供其催化活性的指示; 2）AID通过补充DT40鸡B细胞系的衍生物来进行SHM的能力; 3）AID通过补充AID缺乏的原代小鼠B细胞来进行CSR的能力。三种方法的组合，伴随着AID亚细胞定位和蛋白质表达水平和稳定性的必要分析作为对照，允许AID的详细结构功能研究。
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| Monocyte-MSC Co-cultures
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Author:
Date:
2015-01-20
[Abstract] To assess the effect of multipotent stromal cells (MSC) on monocytes, 3-day cultures were performed of freshly isolated monocytes in MSC-conditioned medium (CM). As a control condition, monocytes were stimulated with low dose macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) populations by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) using CD14 microbeads.
[摘要] 为了评估多潜能基质细胞（MSC）对单核细胞的作用，在MSC条件培养基（CM）中对新鲜分离的单核细胞进行3天培养。 作为对照条件，用低剂量巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（M-CSF）刺激单核细胞。 通过磁激活细胞分选（MACS）使用CD14微珠从外周血单核细胞（PBMC）群体中分离单核细胞。
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